Dictionary of Procurement Terms

Welcome to the NIGP Online Dictionary of Procurement Terms, the comprehensive reference for public purchasing terms and concepts.

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Search Results: 101-110 of 122 results for “E”
  • Exchange Rate

    The price of one country’s currency expressed in terms of another country’s currency; the domestic price of a foreign currency. A major cost factor in the sale of goods and services in the global marketplace. Also called Rate of Exchange. (Schiller, 2002)
  • Excise Taxes

    Taxes levied on a specific good or service, such as cigarettes, alcohol, or fuel, and are set by unit (for example, a gallon of gas) rather than by purchase price. They are sometimes referred to as “selective sales taxes.” (Schiller, 2002)
  • Exclusive Distribution

    The use of only a single retail outlet or distributor for a product in each geographic area. (Business, 2002)
  • Exculpatory Clause

    A contract clause stating that one of the contracting parties is not liable upon the occurrence of some specified event. These clauses are most frequently used in an attempt by a public procurement agency to relieve itself of liability for defective specifications. (Nash, Schooner, & O’Brien, 1998)
  • Excusable Delays

    A contract clause that provides the contractor with protection from sanctions for late performance, such as default termination, liquidated damages, actual damages, and excess costs due to delays. An excusable delay must meet two general requirements. The delay must be beyond the control of the contractor and the delay must be without the contractor’s fault or negligence.
  • Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies

    A legal doctrine that requires a complaining party to seek administrative remedy from designated administrative bodies before looking at the courts for relief.
  • Exigency purchase

  • Expectancy Theory

    The assumption that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on how likely they are to get it. (Business, 2002)
  • Expedite

    The effort to assure delivery of goods purchased in accordance with a time schedule. An attempt to rush or improve a pre-established delivery date.
  • Expendable Items or Supplies

    Denotes supplies or equipment that are normally consumed during use and have a very short life cycle.

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