Dictionary of Procurement Terms

Welcome to the NIGP Online Dictionary of Procurement Terms, the comprehensive reference for public purchasing terms and concepts.

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  • BPA


    See Also: Blanket Purchase Agreement (BPA)

  • BPI


    See Also: Business Process Improvement (BPI)

  • Brand

    A name, term, symbol, design, or any combination of these that identifies a seller’s products and distinguishes them from competitive products. (Business, 2002)

    See Also: Brand Name, Brand Name (or Equivalent)

  • Brand Loyalty

    The extent to which a customer is favorable toward buying a specific brand to the exclusion of other competitive brands. (Business, 2002)

  • Brand Name

    A name, term, symbol, design, or any combination thereof used in specifications to describe a product by a unique identifier specific to a particular seller or manufacturer that distinguishes it from its competition.

  • Brand Name (or Equivalent)

    One or more manufacturers’ brand names, with identifying model numbers, used in a specification to invoke certain quality, performance, and other salient characteristics needed to meet the solicitation requirements.

  • Breach of Contract

    Failure by either contracting party to fulfill a contract, wholly or in part, without legal excuse. (Harney, 1992)

  • Breach of Warranty

    The failure to meet an express or implied agreement as to the title, quality, content, or condition of something sold.

  • Breakeven Quantity

    The number of units that must be sold for the total revenue (from all units sold) to equal the total cost (of all units sold). (Schiller, 2000)

  • Bribe

    Money or favor given or promised to influence the judgment or conduct of a person in a position of trust.

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