Dictionary of Procurement Terms

Welcome to the NIGP Online Dictionary of Procurement Terms, the comprehensive reference for public purchasing terms and concepts.

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  • Default

    1. The omission or failure to fulfill a duty, observe a promise, discharge an obligation, or perform an agreement. (Black's Law Dictionary, 1990) 2. Failure to make scheduled payments of interest or principal on a loan, bond, or other types of debt.

  • Defect

    The absence of something that is necessary for completeness or perfection, or a deficiency in something essential to a thing’s intended or proper use. A product is defective if it is not fit for the ordinary purposes for which it is sold and used. Defects are generally of two types, latent (not apparent to the buyer by reasonable observation) and patent (a defect that is apparent on normal inspection). (Black's Law Dictionary, 1990)

    See Also: Latent Defect

  • Defects-Per-Hundred Units

    The number of defects found in any quantity of a product, divided by the total number of units, then multiplied by one hundred; the average number of defects per hundred.

  • Defense Acquisition Regulations (DAR)

    A subset of the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) that directly apply to the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD).

  • Defense Data Network (DDN)

    The Defense Data Network (DDN) was a computer networking effort of the United States Department of Defense from 1983 through 1995. (Federation of American Scientists, 2000)

  • Deficit Spending

    The use of borrowed funds to finance government expenditures that exceed tax revenues. (Schiller, 2000)

  • Definiteness

    The important or material terms of an agreement that are specifically expressed. Under common law, an offer must include the important, or material, terms of the proposed agreement so that, when a party accepts the offer, a resulting agreement is enforceable. Important terms include subject matter, price, payment terms, quantity, quality, duration, and the scope of work to be done. If the parties purport to agree on a material term, but do so in a vague manner, as contrasted from omitting the term altogether, there is no agreement because it is too indefinite.

  • Deflation

    A decrease in the average level of prices of goods and services. (Schiller, 2000)

    See Also: Inflation

  • Delay Claim

    A claim filed by a Contractor or an owner for unanticipated delays to a project. Delay Claims require significant documentation and are based in part on cost accounting concepts. When the Contractor delays the project, the owner can recover one of two types of damages: Liquidated damages or Actual damages. The components of a Contractor Delay Claim include 1. indirect costs that occurred during the extended performance period, 2. home office overhead that was incurred during the extended performance period, 3. increased material direct costs that occur during the delay, 4. lost productivity caused by the delay, and 5. other damages directly related to and attributable to the delay.

  • Delegated Purchase

    Authorized or appointed individuals, outside the procurement department, are delegated authority under the entity’s rules and procedures that allows them to make small dollar purchases on behalf of the entity.

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