Dictionary of Procurement Terms

Welcome to the NIGP Online Dictionary of Procurement Terms, the comprehensive reference for public purchasing terms and concepts.

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  • Continuous Improvement

    A process for improving an organization’s performance along several criteria, particularly quality, over a period of time. An outcome generally included in a total quality management program. (Burt, Dobler, & Starling, 2003)

    See Also: Total Quality Management (TQM)

  • Contract

    1. An obligation, such as an accepted offer, between competent parties upon a legal consideration, to do or abstain from doing some act. The essential elements of a contract are an offer and an acceptance of that offer; the capacity of the parties to contract; consideration to support the contract; a mutual identity of consent; legality of purpose; and definiteness. 2. A legally binding promise, enforceable by law. 3. An agreement between parties with binding legal and moral force, usually exchanging goods or services for money or other considerations.

  • Contract A – Bid Contract

    CANADA The solicitation or bid contract established between the owner of the solicitation (the “buyer”) and each of the suppliers who submit a compliant bid or proposal. The solicitation document (e.g., Invitation to Tender, Request for Proposals, etc.) is viewed as an invitation by the buyer for interested suppliers to submit a bid or proposal and an offer by the buyer to enter into a Contract “A” (or Bid Contract) with any supplier that submits a bid or proposal. The submitted bid or proposal is the supplier's acceptance of the buyer’s offer to enter into Contract “A” and also an offer by the supplier to enter into Contract “B” (see defined term) with the buyer. The formation of a Contract "A" occurs with each supplier whose bid or proposal is responsive (i.e., meets all mandatory criteria of the solicitation). By submitting a responsive bid or proposal, the supplier agrees to be bound by all terms and conditions of the solicitation as established by the buyer (e.g., conditions of tender or the solicitation rules of process). (British Columbia, 2016)

  • Contract Acquisition Plan


    See Also: Contract Administration Plan (CAP)

  • Contract Adjusted Amount

    The dollar value for a contract reflecting adjustments made for changes such as foreign currency fluctuations or inflation.

  • Contract Administration

    The functions that are performed after the parties have signed the contract. Typical contract administration activities are goal oriented and are aimed at ensuring compliance with the contract terms and conditions while giving attention to the achievement of the stated output and outcome of the contract.

    See Also: Contract Management, Surveillance

  • Contract Administration Plan (CAP)

    A planning tool that provides the framework for effective contract administration with an emphasis on process, output and outcome. The length and detail of the CAP depends on the complexity and potential risk of the contract. Also referred to as Contract Acquisition Plan.

  • Contract Administration Team

    A cross-functional team comprised of such members as the procurement contracting officer (or their representative), subject matter expert, information technology and engineering representatives, legal advisers, price and cost analysts, quality assurance specialists, and others who offer their expertise to the contract. Such a team is generally used on complex projects. This team may also assist in resolving conflicts that arise during the contract performance.

  • Contract Amendment

    An agreed addition to, deletion from, correction, or modification of a contract.

    See Also: Contract Modification

  • Contract Amount/Value

    Total dollar amount negotiated between buyer and seller. Identified in the contract for purchase of goods and/or services.

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